«Vestnik Moskovskogo avtomobilno-dorozhnogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta (MADI)» | Number 3(54), September 2018

Abstract.

In the article the actual problem of the transition from the traditional linear model of education to the nonlinear form of organization in higher professional education is considered on higher education institutions of a technical profile. The authors focus how this process is implemented in MADI in courses readied by teachers of the Department of Sociology and Management. Also results of use of methods of the nonlinear training shown in student’s innovative activity. The article is devoted to the actual problem of the transition from the traditional linear model of education to the nonlinear form of organization of higher professional education. The authors revealed the essence of the synergetic approach to the creation of a new model of education. The theoretical and practical experience of transition to a nonlinear model at all levels of education is generalized, but the main focus of the authors was focused on the specifics of the course of these processes in Russian technical universities. The authors focus on how this process is implemented in MADI in courses read by teachers of the Department of Sociology and Management. A softer and non-directive non-linear model contributes to the expansion of the educational and scientific mobility of teachers and students, facilitates the rapprochement of the school and university with the social and economic institutions of its region. The results of the impact of non-linear learning methods on human capital, namely students, are also presented, which is manifested in the innovative activity of students and various student self-government practices. A modular and individually oriented approach to the educational process provides a variety of training, in which many students are able to combine successful teaching and social work, develop self-management skills.

Keywords: nonlinear model of education, synergetic, engineering universities, innovations, human capital, students.

References

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Abstract.

In recent years, various sources of information to varying degrees, more and more often affect a variety of aspects of the card, which indicates the expansion of the scale of this phenomenon, which cannot remain without public attention. In this context, it is of great scientific and practical interest to analyze the features of the card as an independent and distinctive object of applied research, as well as the possibilities of assessing its intensity and the consequences of development. The study of the approaches and positions of the assessment of the carchering gave grounds to believe that there are a number of "white spots" and methodological gaps that do not allow collecting reliable information and provide an adequate quantitative description of the level of development of the type of services in question. In this connection, the article pays special attention to the problem of generalization of various statistical indicators that complement each other and form a certain interrelated system of indicators, which opens up the possibility of obtaining an adequate assessment of the state of the market of the carcher.

Keywords: carchering, statistics, parameters of the market of the carcher, indicators of the consequences of the development of the carcher.

References

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Abstracts.

This article analyzes the main directions of activation of concrete mix by using ultrasound to improve the quality and efficiency of production of concrete structures. Highlights the objects activation of concrete mixture in industrial production technologies of road concrete structures and coatings. The basic methods of activation of concrete mixture of individual components of concrete mixture: cement, mixing fluid and liquid compositions blend components. Performed a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of these techniques in part of the impact on the quality of prepared concrete mix: speed increase of concrete strength; increased activity of cement; enhance brand cement, etc. Offered classification methods of concrete mixture (remarkable). Ultrasonic (acoustic) method of activation is considered as the most easily adaptable for use in industrial processes preparation of concrete mixture. Identified factors that make use of ultrasonic (acoustic) technologists.

Keywords: activating components of concrete mix, ultrasonic and sound activation, activation of cement, mixing water activation, activation liquid composition of concrete mix components and a comparative analysis of the merits and demerits of ultrasonic methods activation.

References

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Abstract. Any driver periodically, for example, after installing new tires or repairing the suspension, is faced with the need to perform an adjustment operation, commonly referred to as "toe-and-camber". However, even among the specialists and mechanics who produce this procedure, very few imagine the whole range of relationships between the angles of installation of controlled wheels and the properties of the wheeled vehicle to which they affect. When designing a wheeled vehicle, the kinematic matching of the steering gear and suspension is one of the most difficult tasks. It is necessary to simultaneously take into account a set of characteristics, including controllability, stability, and pass ability, as well as informative and sensitivity of the steering. In addition, this task includes the selection of optimal steerable wheel alignment angles and the calculation of the reactive force on the steering wheel, depending on the magnitude of the stabilizing moments and the resistance to rotation. The author of the article carried out a generalized analysis of the influence of installation angles on some operational properties, formulated positive and negative connections, the differences between the effects on the wheeled vehicle in the static and dynamic state. The shortcomings of the existing mathematical model for calculating the moment of weight stabilization are noted, and a new model of calculation is proposed that takes into account the influence of the longitudinal slope of the pin.

Keywords: wheeled vehicles; steering; stabilization of steerable wheels; toe; camber; Caster angle; kingpin inclination; ellipse equation

References

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3. Demidov L.V. Vestnik Moskovskogo avtomobil'no-dorozhnogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta (MADI), 2013, no. 4, pp. 17a-21.
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7. Kotovich S.V. Dvizhiteli special'nyh transportnyh sredstv (Drivers of special vehicles), Moscow, MADI, 2008, Part 1, 161 p.
8. Ivanov A.M., Losev S.A Vestnik Moskovskogo avtomobil'no-dorozhnogo instituta (gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta), 2005, no. 5, pp. 32-37.
9. Buzunov N.V., Kotiev G.O., Padalkin B.V. Trudy NAMI, 2016, no. 3 (266), pp. 35-44.
10. Malinovskij M.P. Jeksperimental'noe issledovanie harakteristik sistem upravlenija transportnyh sredstv (Experimental study of control systems characteristics of vehicles), Moscow, MADI, 2011, 123 p.
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Abstract. It is offered a relatively simple way to determine the temporary dependencies of the bridge movement, or the cargo trolley of the bridge crane during the whole process of cargo movement, in which uncontrolled pendulum spatial swings of the cargo on the rope suspension is completely suppressed not only during braking, but also immediately after the acceleration of the bridge or cargo trolley.  The method allows calculating the movement of cargo by means of a bridge or a cargo trolley in the direction of the bridge or cargo trolley, respectively, at a specified distance in the minimum time, including the curved spatial trajectory. The length of the cargo hoisting rope is assumed to be constant when moving. Temporary dependence of the angles of deflection of the cargo rope from the vertical allowed to obtaining on their basis the dependence of accelerations, velocities and movement of the point of suspension of cargo on the cargo trolley from time. The kinematic restrictions on movement of a point of a cargo suspension in the form of maximal achievable accelerations and speeds of a bridge and a trolley of a crane are considered. An example of application of the method in the form of temporal dependencies of the functions of changing the angles of the cargo rope in two vertical planes of the bridge movement and the crane truck, respectively. As well as temporary dependencies of the first two derivative angles and their corresponding linear movements of the point of suspension and cargo in space.

Keywords: bridge crane, pendulum suspension, sigmoid function, swings suppression.

References 

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Abstract. In modern technology, gear-lever mechanisms are used that ensure a step-by-step rotation of the output link with a dwell operation without breaking their kinematic chain. In this case, the dwell of the output member in such mechanisms is approximate, and the known ways to increase its accuracy by eliminating or decreasing the angle of the reverse rotation of the output member do not provide proper results. This article offers several schemes of cam-toothed-lever mechanisms allowing to provide a precise and fixed dwell thanks to introduction of a resilient element into mechanisms with two-side preload pressure. The presence of the resilient element in the design of the mechanisms limits the acceleration of the output wheels and protects the mechanisms from a hard impact when the resilient element restores its original length, but at the same time it is the source of the oscillations of the output wheels of the mechanisms at the moment of the motion beginning after the end of the dwelling. The duration and amplitude of these oscillations, depending on the parameters of the resilient element, the friction in the kinematic pairs and the angular velocity of the crank, significantly affect the efficiency of the mechanism, and their evaluation is of undoubted interest.

Keywords: geared linkage mechanism, dwell operation, step-by-step rotation.

References

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8. Balabina T.A., Mamaev A.N., Simbircev I.N. Izvestiya Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta MAMI, 2013, vol. 2, no. 1 (15), pp. 18-20.
9. Balabina T.A., Mamaev A.N. Izvestiya Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta MAMI, 2014, vol. 2, no. 3 (21), pp. 5-9.
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Abstract. Brown’s gas (HHO) has been introduced as one of the new’ source energy for internal combustion engines. Contents of this paper present experimental results when installing HHO gas generator on 490QZL (4CHN 90/100) diesel engine which was manufactured in China. The formation HHO gas and the working process of the HHO generating device based on electrolysis of water (H₂O) using sodium catalyst (Na). Electrolysis uses direct current and steel electrodes. The generator was developed for receiving HHO gas onboard the vehicle. HHO gas was provided into the engine manifold, that not to change the original structure of the engine. Comparing the experimental results found that: the economic, technical and environmental indicators of the engine was improved. Brake specifics fuel consumption was reduced maximum 32,5% at 50% M_emax and speed at 2400 rpm, at the same time, engine torque was increased 13,6%; HC value was reduced 24,3% at 30% M_emax and engine speed at 1600 rpm; CO value was reduced 40% at M_emax and engine speed at 2000 rpm.

Keyword: diesel engine, fuel cell, hydroxy gas, HHO generator, emission.

References

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13. Premkartikkumar, S.R. Effectiveness of oxygen enriched hydrogen-HHO gas addition on direct injection diesel engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics / S.R. Premkartikkumar, K. Annamalai, A.R. Pradeepkumar // Therm. Science. – 2014. – Vol. 18(1). – P. 259-268.
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Abstract. It is shown that one of the most promising methods of repairing the elements of the cooling system for engines of road-building machines is the use of thermoplastic polymer materials (hot melt adhesives). Examples of the determination of various parameters of polymeric materials using the methods of thermal analysis are considered. The technique for conducting a study of polymer materials used in the repair of the elements of the cooling system for road-building machines by the method of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is given. The essence of this method is described, which consists in heating the polymer material under study and recording as one or more parameters in the form of curves. With the help of the DSC method, the glass transition temperatures of the selected hot melt adhesives are determined. The results of experimental studies of the resistance of hot melt adhesives to the effect of elevated temperatures are presented. The analysis of the obtained graphs is carried out and it is concluded that the best temperature resistance is demonstrated by the materials of the brand Letek and MS-1. It is also established that after the second heating over 80°С and up to 220°С, the properties of the polymer material of grade МС-1 remain practically unchanged. This indicates that this material retains a long working capacity in this temperature range. The possibility of using the selected hot melt adhesives for repairing the elements of the cooling system for road-building machines is determined.

Keywords: polymer materials, hot melt adhesives, glass transition temperature, differential-scanning calorimetry, repair.

References

1. Lapina N.V., Baurova N.I. Tekhnologiya metallov, 2018, issue 4, pp. 39-43.
2. Guzeva T.A. Vse materiali. Enciclopedicheskii spravochnik, 2014, issue 3, pp. 17-19.
3. Nelub V.A. Remont. Vosstanovlenie. Modernizaciya, 2013, issue 5, pp. 21-24.
4. Lanikhin R.A., Malysheva G.V. Remont. Vosstanovlenie. Modernizaciya, 2009, issue 9, pp. 15-18.
5. Lapina N.V., Baurova N.I. Mekhanizaciya stroitel’stva, 2015, issue 4 (850), pp. 44-47.
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7. Lapina N.V., Baurova N.I. Vse materiali. Enciclopedicheskii spravochnik, 2016, issue 1, pp. 11-15.
8. Baurova N.I., Sergeev A.Yu. Klei. Germetiki. Tekhnologii, 2013, issue 10, pp. 40-44.
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10. Zorin V.A., Seregin D.V. Mekhanizaciya stroitel’stva, 2015, issue 7 (853), pp. 4-7.

Abstract.

The purpose of the article is to describe the theoretical aspects of creating a methodology for ensuring the efficiency of the de-icing treatment of coatings. The article gives a definition of the concept of efficiency, outlines the main stages in the development of the methodology, presents the dependencies to be studied. The optimization problem formulated in this work is to maximize the efficiency of the anti-ice treatment of road (airfield) coatings. The criterion of optimality is such a technical and economic indicator of the work process as the cost of production. An indicator characterizing the quality of the working process is the uniformity of the application of the reagent. It is proposed to evaluate it by measuring the distance between the drops, which together form the spraying zone. The article considers the parameters that affect the hourly and operational performance, the uniformity of the reagent application. As optimized (variable) operational parameters, those are selected which can be easily changed directly during the distribution of the reagent: machine speed and reagent consumption. Scope of the technique: distribution of liquid, solid and wetted reagents by all produced models of road and airfield vehicles. The technique is intended both for selecting the modes of motion of the machines when planning and forming a detachment of reactant distributors, and for taking operational measures to ensure efficiency, taking into account the environmental conditions.

Keywords: efficiency of the de-icing treatment, cost of production, quality, uniformity of reagent application, productivity, machine speed.

References

1. Bakatin Yu.P., Markichev V.A., Sadovnikova Y.S. Vestnik Moskovskog oavtomobil'no-dorozhnogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta (MADI), 2018. no. 1 (52), pp. 113-119.
2. Bakatin Yu.P., Lobikov A.V., Sadovnikova Y.S. Avtomobil'. Doroga. Infrastruktura, 2018, no. 1 (15), p. 10.
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4. Sakuta N.B, Kodentseva Yu.V., Gainulina I.N. Vestnik Sibirskoy gosudarstvennoy avtomobil'no-dorozhnoy akademii, 2016, no. 3 (49), pp. 80-86.
5. Vershinin V.V, Nikolaev P.P, Veyukov E.V. Nauchnomu progressu –tvorchestvo molodykh, 2016, no. 4-4, pp. 169-171.
6. Gailitis D.I. Problemy innovatsionnogo biosferno-sovmestimogo sotsial'no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya v stroitel'nom, zhilishchno-kommunal'nom i dorozhnom kompleksakh, Sbornik statei, Bryansk, Bryanskiy gosudarstvennyy inzhenerno-tekhnologicheskiy universitet, 2015, vol. 2, pp. 189-193.
7. Samodurova Т.V. Nauchnyye osnovy operativnogo upravleniya rabotami po bor'be s zimney skol'zkost'yu na avtomobil'nykh dorogakh (Scientific foundations of operational management of works to combat winter slipperiness on the roads), Doctors’ thesis, Voronezh, Voronezhskij gosudarstvennyj universitet, 2004, 346 p.
8. Shuvaev A.N, Testeshev A.A, Timokhovets V.D, Sergeev A.V. Aktual'nyye voprosy proyektirovaniya avtomobil'nykh dorog. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov OAO GIPRODORNII, 2013, no. 4 (63), pp. 198-206.
9. Gustov D.Yu., Krasotchkin A.G, Popov G.A. Nauchnoye obozreniye, 2015, no. 20, pp.181-184.
10. Mandrovskiy K.P. Vestnik Moskovskog oavtomobil'no-dorozhnogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta (MADI), 201, no. 1 (44),pp. 26-33.
11. Prokopiev A.P, Ivanchura V.I, Emelyanov R.T, Palchikov P.A Vestnik MGSU, 2018, vol. 13, no. 1 (112), pp. 61-70.
12. Panev S.B Sistema avtomaticheskogo upravleniya neravnomernost'yu vneseniya mineral'nykh udobreniy tsentrobezhnym razbrasyvatelem na osnove mikroprotsessornoy tekhniki (Automatic control system for the nonuniform application of mineral fertilizers with a centrifugal spreader based on microprocessor technology), Doctors’ thesis, Zernograd, Donskoj GAU, 1999, 176 p.
13. Balovnev V.I., Danilov R.G., Saveliev A.G., Mashiny dlya soderzhaniya gorodskikh I avtomobil'nykh dorog (Machines for the maintenance of urban and highways), Moscow, Tehpoligratsentr, 2013, 648 p.
14. DotsenkoA.I. Kommunal'nyye mashiny I oborudovaniye (Municipal machines and equipment), Moscow, Arhitektura-S, 2005, 344 p.
15. Dotsenko A.I., Zotov V.B. Mashiny I oborudovaniye prirodoobustroystva I okhrany okruzhayushchey sredy goroda (Machinery and equipment for environmental management and environmental protection of the city), Moscow, Vysshaya shkola, 2007, 519 p.
16. Zemdikhanov M.M., Gabdulli T.R. Izvestiya KGASU, 2014, no. 4 (30), pp. 484-489.
17. Mandrovskiy K.P. Otsenka konkurentosposobnosti dorozhno-stroitel'nykh mashin (na primere odnokovshovogo gusenichnogo ekskavatora (Evaluation of the competitiveness of road-building machines (on the example of a single-bucket crawler excavator)), Doctors’ thesis, Moscow, MADI, 2008, 190 p.
18. Mandrovskiy K.P. Vestnik Donskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta, 2016, vol. 16, no. 2 (85), pp. 69-76.

Abstract. This article presents the research results of the development of heavy soil, based on the use of magneto-striction exciters, taking into consideration its features with soil, which allows us to conclude the conditions necessary for the optimum and most effective mode of the magneto-striction vibrator. This is the conservation of the resonance frequencies of the working unit of the ripper, the change of which depends on the properties and volume of the developed soil. In the development of heavy soils with the help of external random influences on the loosening process, violates the mode of coordination of the working unit. Evaluation of the loosening processes shows that working with heavy soils when performing earthworks using the standard methods and mechanisms of loosening is not effective, while a more rational method is the method in which the intensification of the loosening process of the developed soil is determined by the high-frequency oscillation of the sound range. The application of this type of work activates the working units of the existing loosening machines, which allows to expanding the range of work produced by these machines on heavy soils.

Keywords: tillage, vibrating tool, resonance, working element, standing wave.

References

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8. Serdobov V.D., Rastegaev I.K. Problemy sovershenstvovanija konstrukcii stroitel'nyh, dorozhnyh, kommunal'nyh i ajerodromnyh mashin, Sbornik statei, Moscow, MADI, 2013, pp. 72-79.
9. Abdulhanova M.Ju., Gematudinov R.A., Chantieva M.Je. Vestnik Moskovskogo avtomobil'no-dorozhnogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta (MADI), 2010, no. 3, pp. 103-108.
10. Sharapova I.K., Guliy V.V. Gruzovik, 2014, no. 4, pp. 36–40.
11. Iliuchin A.V., Marsov V.I., Marsova E.V., Vestnik Moskovskogo avtomobil'no-dorozhnogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta (MADI), 2017, no. 3 (50), pp. 119-126.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the questions of designing the working equipment of a machine for chipping ice from the surface of roads, sidewalks, bus stops. The article presents a mechanic-mathematical model of the contact interaction of the working body of a new ice breaking machine with the surfaces of highways, bus stops and sidewalks. This model allows to optimizing the design of the ice-breaking machine in order to increase the efficiency of its work at the design stage, by regulating and selecting rational mechanical-geometric characteristics. The article describes such basic parameters of an icebreaker for servicing sidewalks and roads in winter, such as contact pressure, the maximum depth of the cam press, the operating force distributed along the thickness of the wedge, and the required drive power for ice breaking. The working body of the shearing machine with cams allows to effectively fighting icing on motor roads, bus stops and sidewalks without damaging the coating. The comparison of the proposed design with known designs of shock and shearing machines in the article allows us to conclude that this technical solution will lead to an increase in the efficiency and efficiency of measures for cleaning the road surfaces from ice.

Keywords: ice, road, ice-breaking, working body, cam.

References

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Abstract. This article is devoted to the study of the influence of the design features of the working equipment of the distributors of solid de-icing materials on performance indicators. The analysis of some design parameters of the four selected models of machines was made, and on its basis conclusions were drawn on the relationship between design properties and the degree of competitiveness of machines. Separately, the reliability indicators and their impact on the economic performance of the distributors are considered. The calculation way revealed the influence of the automation level of the machine on the amount of costs, associated with maintaining of the reliability of the machine, and on the formation of its competitive advantages. The effect of the kind of de-icing material used (salt, sand and salt mixture) on the area processed from one hopper filling was studied. The values of permissible errors are determined for dosing the specific consumption of salt and sand-salt mix by an automated machine control system. As a criteria of the competitiveness of the machine are: the value of the annual volume of work at the workplace and the cost of a unit of production, taking into account the costs of owning of the machine. The conducted technical and economic analysis facilitates the procedure for equipment selecting for specific operating conditions, the requirements for the quality of distribution of PGM, in terms of service, the type of PGM used.

Keywords: distributor, competitiveness of the machine, de-icing material (DIM), technical and economic indicators, design parameters, automated control system.

References

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Abstract. The article presents the results of experimental studies of steel fiber-reinforced concrete on the basis of steel fiber from man-made waste - spent ropes and ropes of handling equipment. This fiber is obtained using a new technology and new technological equipment, which provides a significant reduction in energy intensity and production costs. Thus, the main task of the research is to determine the possibility of using a new type of fiber in the construction industry. A description of the general experimental procedure, experimental data obtained and their analysis are presented. The results of tests for pulling out fibers from steel-fiber-reinforced concrete prisms are graphically demonstrated. The influence of the volume percentage of reinforcement on the strength and deformation characteristics of steel fiber-reinforced concrete is investigated. Based on the compression and tension tests, a comparison is made between the physical and mechanical properties of the steel fiber-reinforced concrete matrix and the concrete matrix. Conclusions are made about the possibility of using steel fiber-reinforced concrete based on the new fiber and its several advantages. In the course of economic comparison, it was revealed that the new fiber is cheaper in 2.5-3 times factory-made fiber. The article shows and substantiates that the decrease in the cost of fiber due to the use of man-made waste for its production is economically expedient.

Keywords: steel-fiber concrete, concrete, steel ropes, percentage of reinforcement, strength.

References

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3. Klimenko Ye.A., Dudkin M.V., Rechitskiy S.V., Vavilov A.V., Gur'yanov G.A. Aktual'nyye voprosy stroitel'stva, Sbornik statei, Novosibirsk, Sibstrin, 2015, pp. 200-204.
4. Suleymanova L.A., Slepukhin A.S., Plekhova S.I., Ryapukhin A.N. Naukoyemkiye tekhnologii i innovatsii, Sbornik dokladov, Belgorod, Belgorodskiy gosudarstvennyy tekhnologicheskiy universitet im. V.G. Shukhova, 2016, pp. 190-193.
5. Gur'yanov G., Doudkin M., Vavilov A., Klimenko Ye. Use of man-made materials for the preparation concrete, Materials of International Scientific and Practical Conference – Green economy is the future of humanity, Ust-Kamenogorsk, D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University, 2014, part 5, pp. 144-148.
6. Doudkin M., Pichugin S., Fadeyev S. Contact force calculation of the machine operational point, Life Science Journal, 2013, vol. 10, no. 39, pp. 246-250.
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9. Tolstoy A.D., Lesovik V.S., Alfimova N.I., Ageyeva M.S., Kovaleva I.A., Bazhenova O.G., Novikov K.Yu. Energo- i resursosberegayushchiye ekologicheski chistyye khimiko-tekhnologicheskiye protsessy zashchity okruzhayushchey sredy, Sbornik dokladov, Belgorod, Belgorodskiy gosudarstvennyy tekhnologicheskiy universitet im. V.G. Shukhova, 2015, pp. 384-390.
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Abstract. In this article it was given a definition of main performance characteristic of roadway, formulated their physic essence. It was showed that smoothness is a complex index of transport stream, gauge design, roadway and its rehabilitation. It was described the physic process of power influence on soils during road construction, it were called factors which may be of cause for local road bed deformation. An analysis showed, that classical mechanics of soil stresses calculations (Culon law) gave only stresses, but not deformations. An analysis of deformation process was conducted on basis of fundamental methods in hydrodynamics – elasticity-plasticity stream isotropy line system. It was put that residual strains of soil after it compaction are absent and its prediction are impossible. In the article was formulated the main paths of soil consolidation theory for road subgrade constructions. Regularities, which is described by hydrodynamic theory, is presented by Gugunio adiabate. In the article are presented results of theoretical and experimental investigations.

Keywords: surface of the carriageway, flatness, pavement, wear layer, strength, road subgrade constructions, Culon law, stresses, residual deformations in the ground.

References

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11. Boldyrev G.G., Malyshev M.V. Mekhanika gruntov. Osnovaniya i funda-menty (Mechanic of soil. Base and foundation ), Penza, PGUAS, 2009, 411 p.
12. Ivanov N.N. Konstruirovanie i raschyot nezhyostkih dorozhnyh odezhd (The design of nonrigid road clothes), Moscow, Transport, 1973, 328 p.

AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORTATION

Abstract. The article gives a brief description of the transport system of the Republic of Ecuador and, in particular, the organization of the route network of urban passenger transport in Quito, the capital city of Ecuador. The features of the organization and management of transportation of passengers on the main routes of urban passenger transport of the city of Quito, is Bus Rapid Transit system (BRT). Possible ways of improving the management and control of urban passenger transport in the city of Quito through the use of telematics tools and systems. The main direction of improvement, according to the authors, is the introduction of tools for assessing the dynamics of passenger traffic in real time through the use of telematics. The peculiarity of the approach proposed in the article is the use of telematics equipment and special sensors for calculating the number of incoming/outgoing passengers from the vehicle, which are installed directly in the doors of the pavilions of the bus stops of the main routes of Quito, working on the BRT system. The peculiarity of this approach is to reduce the cost of telematics equipment and improve the reliability of its operation in comparison with the traditional approach, in which the equipment is placed directly on-board the vehicle.

Keywords: public passenger transport, Bus Rapid Transit, high speed routes, passenger’s flows, telematics.

References

1. Vlasov V.M., Maktas B.YA., Bogumil V.N., Konin I.V. Besprovodnye tekhnologii na avtomobil'nom transporte. Global'naya navigaciya i opredelenie mestopolozheniya transportnyh sredstv (Wireless technology in road transport. Global navigation and vehicle location), Moscow, INFRA-M, 2017, 184 p.
2. Vlasov V.M., Efimenko D.B., Bogumil V.N. Informacionnye tekhnologii na avtomobil'nom transporte (Information technology in road transport),Moscow, Akademia, 2014, 256 p.
3. Vlasov V.M., Efimenko D.B., Bogumil V.N. Primenenie cifrovoj infrastruktury i telematicheskih sistem na avtomobil'nom transporte (Application of digital infrastructure and telematic systems in road transport), Moscow, INFRA-M, 2018, 352 p.
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5. Bastidas-Zelaya E., Ruiz T. Analysis of multistage chains in public transport: The case of Quito, Ecuador, Transportation Research Procedia, 2016, vol. 18, pp. 180-188.
6. Bogumil V., Efimenko D. Urban Transport Dispatch Control System Helps to Increase Intelligent Transport Systems Effectiveness, Proceedings of the 11th European transport congress (ETC2013), Prague, 2013, pp. 20-25.
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8. Instituto nacional de estadistica y censos. El transporte terrestre de pasajeros en Ecuador y Quito: perspectiva historica y situacion actual, Quito, Instituto nacional de estadistica y sensos, 2010. 42 p.
9. Secretaría Nacional de Planificación y Desarrolo del Ecuador, Estructura orgánica de la Función Ejecutiva de la República del Ecuador, http://www.planificacion.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2017/10/Organigrama-Funcion-Ejecutiva_25-05-2017.pdf

Abstract. The article is devoted to the analysis of technological and regulatory aspects of various systems of control over compliance with the schedule of drivers of vehicles, the presence of passengers and freight. Remote Europe and Russian experience, as well as USA and Australian practice. The history of development and introduction of technical means for monitoring the labour regime and rest of drivers. Comparative analysis of the different practices in the use of technical means for monitoring compliance with the labour regime and rest of drivers. The relevance of these studies due to recent changes in legislation in different countries. These changes entail the need to improve and introduce new telematic systems onboard. When considering the experience to control the mode of work and rest of drivers, implemented in various countries, it is possible to identify general trends and positive aspects. On the basis of the positive experience you can initiate the creation of federal projects on automation of monitoring working conditions for drivers, implementation of freight and passenger transport. Preventing critical consequences resulting from violation of the regimes of work and leisure driving structure by road transport.

Keywords: regime of work and rest of drivers, tachograph, ELD, EDW, the AETR, cargo safety.

References

1. Dolgov M.V., Hafizov R.Z. Transport Rossijskoj Federacii, 2006, no. 6 (6), pp. 42-43.
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6. Zaikin R.N., Savchenko-Bel'skij K.A., Roditel'skaya E.V., Filatov S.A. Vestnik Moskovskogo avtomobil'no-dorozhnogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta (MADI), 2017, no. 2 (49), pp. 109-114.
7. Aleshkina D.V., Zaikin R.N., Ryzhkova N.N., Filatov S.A. Avtotransportnoe predpriyatie, 2016, no. 12, pp. 24-27.
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9. Fatigue management, https://www.nhvr.gov.au/safety-accreditation-compliance/fatigue-management
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12. Traffic authorities to detain sleepy drivers, http://www.enca.com/south-africa/traffic-authorities-detain-sleepy-drivers

Abstract.

The article deals with organization of taxi transportation. In particular, questions of state system of regulation taxi transportations are outlined. Regulation of taxi transportation is subject of joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and its subjects. The analysis of the structure of taxi vehicles fleet shows that it consists of 19 621 vehicles with permits obtained in the Department of transport and road infrastructure development of Moscow in 2017. The article outlines the main characteristics (indicators) of a vehicle used as passenger taxis in the city of Moscow: vehicle category, engine power, engine size, engine ecological class, engine type (by fuel type), drive type, transmission type. Based on the results of the conducted study with using the method of independent multi-optional examination, the authors conclude that there are currently no vehicles meeting requirements proposed in the article. One could to recommend the gained results to motor manufacturers to consider possibility of producing vehicles with «reference characteristics» for using as taxi, to state authorities for subsidization of certain vehicles segment.

Keywords: taxi transportation, taxi, passenger and luggage transportation by taxi, type of vehicle, independent multi-optional examination.

References

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