«Vestnik Moskovskogo avtomobilno-dorozhnogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta (MADI)» | Number 3(82), September 2025

Abstract.

When constructing underground transport communications that lie at a relatively shallow depth from the earth's surface, pass through soft soils and have a short length, it is advisable to use a protective screen. The article discusses new designs of metal protective screens; basic elements made of welded half-pipes and similar elements based on sheet metal are used for their construction. The stress-strain state of the proposed protective screens is investigated, which is produced by changing the depth of entry and the thickness of sheets and half-pipes. The results of the studies showed that the stress-strain state of the metal protective screen directly depends on the geometric parameters of the screen (thickness of the half-pipes and sheets), the depth of entry. The greater the thickness of the element, the less stress, displacement and deformation arising in the structure of the screen as a whole. The greater the depth of entry, the greater the stress, displacement and deformation arising in the structure of the screen as a whole. Thus, by varying the thickness of the half-pipes and sheets, the depth of insertion, taking into account the dependence of the stress-strain state on the geometric parameters, it is possible to select a design of a metal protective screen that meets the operating requirements for specific geological and technical conditions.

Keywords: Underground transportation facilities; Shields; Make concave; Overlying strata fracture; Deformation and subsidence of the bearing stratum

References

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Abstract.

The study is aimed at analyzing the trajectories of long-wheelbase vehicles on mountainous roads, with the goal of identifying the characteristic features of their movement. The study is necessary to establish the width of the traffic lane and the roadway on sections of mountainous highways in Vietnam. The main factors determining the trajectory of such vehicles can be identified: the base of the truck, its loading, the peculiarities of drivers' perception of the road situation, the presence of a longitudinal slope and the traffic intensity of trucks and cars on the road. Insufficient attention to the problem leads to increased accidents on such sections of highways. Previously, research focused on trajectory deviations at individual points on the curves in the plan, which does not allow us to fully assess the continuity of changes in the trajectory. However, modern analytical approaches demand a more integrated methodology, incorporating motion modeling that accounts for the dynamic characteristics of vehicles. An important aspect is also the influence of weather conditions, such as rain and fog, on the stability of vehicles with a large base. The article provides recommendations for correcting the geometry of roads to improve traffic safety. The proposed measures include optimizing the radii of curves, adjusting the width of the carriageway in difficult areas, and using modern technologies for monitoring the traffic situation.

Keywords: vehicle trajectory, long-wheelbase vehicles, small turning radius, gross vehicle weight, road geometry, mountainous roads

References

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Abstract.

The article considers the motion of a particle on a rotating disk equipped with curved blades, under different types of collision. The curved shape of the blades, which in this case had a profile that resembled a logarithmic spiral, was chosen because it provided greater rigidity than straight blades. The dynamics of the particle's motion is analyzed using the equations of relative motion of a material point, and it is studied for the cases of elastic and inelastic interaction with the disk blade, using the Routh hypothesis and the most likely value of the particle's coefficient of friction on the disk. The dynamic coefficient of friction used during impact was assumed to be half of the kinematic coefficient of friction between the particle and the disk. The paper considers all possible motions of a particle after its first and subsequent impacts on the blade of a rotating disk, provides graphs of the time dependencies of the relative velocity of the particle, and constructs the trajectories of the relative motion of the particle for three different cases of spiral bending: positive (right logarithmic spiral), zero (straight blade), and negative (left logarithmic spiral). Based on the proposed model, the paper explores the variation of the torque resistance acting on the disk. The results of numerical experiments are presented.

Keywords: disk-type spreader, logarithmic spiral, material point, impact, friction, relative motion

References

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Abstract.

The article presents an analysis and modeling of the influence of new structural materials on the characteristics and reliability of the hub of the automobile chassis using SolidWorks software. This work analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the technological capabilities for manufacturing automotive hubs from polymer composite materials (PCM), as well as justifies the feasibility of using additive technologies for their production. Methods for designing materials and calculating optimal compositions of new composites are presented as part of preparing for the modeling and optimization of the 3D printing process of the automobile hub. The study is aimed at creating reliable structural materials with improved mechanical properties. An analysis of existing materials and technologies was conducted, the composition was developed on the basis of thermoplastic polymers with reinforcing fibers. The design of the retainer was optimized using 3D modeling and the finite element method. Tests showed high strength and durability of the new material, which makes it promising for intensive all-weather operation in real road and transport conditions. The use of computer modeling methods allowed the authors to optimize the process of developing new materials, predicting their behavior in various conditions and accelerating the creation of qualitatively new mechanical engineering products.

Keywords: automobile hubs, polymer composite material, additive technologies, 3D printing, reliability

References

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Abstract.

The first serial samples of dynamic stabilization systems for trucks and road trains appeared at the turn of the second and third millennia. The article considers the evolution of active semi-trailers in our country, as well as domestic scientific schools on the stability of motor vehicles. The authors note that the main problems preventing the introduction of road trains based on serial tractors with mechanical and hydraulic volumetric drives of the semi-trailer wheels were kinematic misalignment in the wheel drive, non-optimal distribution of traction and braking forces, reduced cross-country ability due to misalignment of the track of the tractor and the trailer link during curvilinear movement, limited lateral stability and load capacity, high fuel consumption, which led to the use of an electromechanical transmission. The low efficiency of the traditional dynamic stabilization system by individual pulse braking of the wheels for special-purpose road trains is shown due to the too high moment of inertia of the semi-trailer relative to its vertical axis of symmetry. A synergetic approach to improving their operational properties is substantiated through integrated control of the steering control system and traction electric motors of the active drive of the semitrailer wheels.

Keywords: driving stability, semitrailer wheel activation, mechanical drive, hydrostatic drive, electromechanical drive, steering control system, traction electric motor

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Abstract.

The article is devoted to the development of a method for determining transfer connectivity in a public transport route network, which refers to the number of transfers required for a passenger to travel between two stops. This metric is key in the social standard of transport service, which establishes the permissible number of transfers for cities with different population sizes. The authors propose algorithms based on transforming the route network into a graph, where vertices correspond to transport interchange hubs (TIH), and edges represent routes and pedestrian connections. Dijkstra's algorithm is used to find the shortest paths with the minimum number of transfers. The software implementation was developed in Python using the NetworkX library. The proposed tool was successfully tested on the transport network of Yekaterinburg, consisting of 115 routes and 1,501 stops. The results showed that 99.9% of trips comply with the standard's requirements: 14.8% of trips require no transfers, 66.5% require one transfer, and 18.6% require two transfers. Only 0.1% of trips necessitate three transfers, which is typical for peripheral areas. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method for analyzing and optimizing transport networks, as well as its potential for further research in transport modeling.

Keywords: public transportation, route network, Dijkstra's algorithm, transfer analysis, transportation service standard, transfer connectivity

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Abstract.

The article provides a method for determining the location of a regional distribution center based on the criterion of minimizing transportation work. This method allows for the determination of optimal delivery routes for cargo, taking into account the curvature of a flat curve. The proposed method involves calculating the coordinates of the cargo center of gravity using the formulas of theoretical mechanics. The weight is determined by the quantity of cargo at the consumption points. The distribution center is located around the cargo center of gravity. The boundaries of the distribution center are defined by the nodes that are closest to the center of gravity. The nodes are represented by the cargo points. We start forming routes from the calculation nodes using the "dummy nodes and branches" method. We account for the curvature of routes using the approximation method, which involves determining the transport work and the coordinates of the center of gravity of the rectangular diagram for each route branch. The coordinates of the center are taken into account based on the average values obtained for each selected calculation node.

Keywords: car, delivery, cargo, route, regional distribution center, coordinates, transportation work

References

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Abstract.

The purpose of this study is to develop an analytical model for calculating tram arrival time at traffic signal objects considering random deviations and to create an algorithm for optimizing departure time to minimize delays throughout the entire route. The main objective is to eliminate excessive tram idle time at traffic signal objects by optimizing traffic signal phase shifts and determining optimal tram departure time from traffic signal objects. The paper presents a mathematical model for predicting tram arrival time at traffic signal objects considering stochastic traffic flow factors. An analytical model for calculating the traffic signal phase synchronization coefficient has been developed, allowing determination of tram delay probability at regulated intersections. An algorithm for determining optimal tram departure time from the initial traffic signal object to minimize total route delays is proposed. The model accounts for the influence of random travel time deviations represented by normal distribution and enables calculation of expected delays considering probabilistic characteristics. The research is based on the application of discrete optimization methods, cyclic function theory, and modular arithmetic. Practical application of the method provides travel time reduction of 10-20%, energy consumption decrease of 5-12%, and tram movement regularity improvement of 15-20%. The developed model can be integrated into existing urban transport management systems and adapted for other transport modes.

Keywords: tram movement, traffic signal control, mathematical modeling, stochastic model, phase synchronization, departure time optimization, transport delays, synchronization coefficient, urban public transport, intelligent transportation systems

References

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Abstract.

The article examines the main directions of development of modern technologies that ensure sustainable transport mobility in cities, megacities and agglomerations through the use of digital methods of managing transport systems. Transport mobility as a phenomenon and an object of management through appropriate organized business processes is decomposed into components that can be represented as part of the following service groups: informing road users, traffic management and actions towards its participants, vehicle construction, public transport, electronic payments in transport, personal security related to traffic. These groups form the service architecture of a special information system for managing the transport mobility of the population. Some algorithms developed by the authors related to the group of "public transport" are presented. Each algorithm has a linguistic description, as well as datasets and methods to ensure its implementation. The description of algorithms is based on the principles of object-oriented programming and can be implemented using appropriate languages.

Keywords: transport mobility of the population, digital technologies in transport, information systems for managing transport mobility

References

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Abstract.

This paper proposes a Deep Q Network (DQN) architecture for traffic light control optimization. DQN is a reinforcement learning algorithm to process multidimensional data using deep neural networks. In this study, the structure of the neural network used in the DQN algorithm is analyzed. The state space, reward function and set of allowable actions for the traffic light control system were designed based on the proposed DQN architecture. To empirically verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, experiments were conducted to compare DQN with other traffic light control methods. The performance was evaluated by simulating the total delay time and vehicle queue lengths. The experimental results demonstrate that the use of the DQN algorithm leads tu improved traffic flow control performance compared to alternative methods.

Keywords: Deep Q Network, traffic light control, reinforcement learning, neural network, delay sum, queue length

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